Türk eğitim öğretim sisteminde gelinen nokta maalesef pek iç açıcı değil. Eğitim öğretimden mahrum olan öğrencilerin sayısı yine maalasef her geçen yıl artıyor. Bunlar da Milli Eğitim Bakanlığı’nın “eğitim öğretim istatistik”lerinde görülüyor.
Alaaddin Dinçer, deneyimli ve sorumlu bir eğitimci. Uzun yıllar Eğitim-Sen’in genel başkanlığı görevinde bulundu. Bu köşede Dinçer’in Milli Eğitim Bakanlığı’nın 2011-2012 yılı ile 2021- 2022 istatistikleri üzerinden yaptığı değerlendirmeye aıyırıyorum. Çok önemli belirlemeleri ve önerileri var deneyimli eğitimci Alaaddin Dinçer’in. Dinçer’in değerlendirmeleri şöyle:
NE OKULDA NE DE İSTİHDAMDALAR
“2011-2012 öğretim yılında ilkokul 1. sınıfa kaydı yapılan 1 milyon 404 bin 857 çocuğun 341 bin 881’i 12. sınıfa ulaşamadı. 1. sınıfta var olup 12. sınıfa geldiğinde yok olan bu çocuklar nerede? Neden okuldan uzaklaşıyorlar? Ne eğitimde ne de istihdam olan milyonlarca çocuk ve genç için ne yapılması düşünülüyor? 5 yıllık stratejik planlarda ve orta vadeli ekonomik programlarda bu sorunun çözümüne dair hangi hedefler belirlenmiş.?
Birinci gruptaki 14 ilin 2011-2012 yılı ilkokula başlama sayıları ile 2021- 2022 yılı 12. sınıfta görülenlerin sayılarını karşılaştırdığımızda; Şanlıurfa, Mardin, Batman, Bitlis, Siirt, Diyarbakır, Ağrı, Muş, Van, Şırnak, Bingöl, Hakkâri, Adıyaman, Iğdır illerinde 286 bin 947 çocuğun 1. sınıfta kayıtlı olduğu görülüyor. Bu çocuklardan 165 bin 136’sı 12. sınıfta var, 121 bin 811’i ise yok. Bir başka ifade ile bu 14 kentte okula başlayan çocuklardan yüzde 42.45’inin 12. sınıfta görülmediğini istatistik sonuçlarında görmek mümkün. Bu 14 il arasında 12. sınıfta görünmeyen çocukların oranı Şanlıurfa’da yüzde 59.13, Mardin’de yüzde 54.70, Iğdır’da yüzde 42.96, Siirt’te yüzde 39.95.”
28 İLİMİZİN EĞİTİM DURUMU
Hem göç alan hem de sanayileşmenin geliştiği İstanbul, Ankara, İzmir, Bursa, Samsun, Adana, Mersin, Kayseri, Gaziantep, Konya, Antalya, Tekirdağ, Kocaeli, Zonguldak illerindeki durumu da araştıran Alaattin Dinçer, “Bu illerde 626 bin 370 çocuğun 1. sınıfa başladığını, bu çocuklardan 504 bin 538’inin 12. sınıfta olduğunu, 121 bin 832’sinin ise görülmediği sonucuna ulaştık. Yani bu 14 ilde çocukların yüzde 19.45’i 12 sınıf sayılarında yok. Bu oran Konya’da yüzde 43.23, Adana’da yüzde 38.31, Mersin’de yüzde 25.09, İstanbul’da yüzde 22.82.
BELİRLEME VE ÖNERİLER
-12.sınıfa erişememek, daha çok düşük gelir gruplarında görülüyor. Ekonomik yoksulluk ve geçim kaygısı ile eğitim masraflarının aşırı yüksekliği, çocukların annebabaları tarafından okula gönderilmeyerek, çalışmaya yönlendirilmelerine neden oluyor.
-Sınavlara hazırlık, kurs merkezi adı altında açılan kurumların sayıları her geçen gün artıyor, okulun yerini almaya başlıyor. Bu tabloyu uzaktan seyretmek, tedbir almamak yeni ‘paralel yapılar’ oluşmasına yol vermek demektir.
-Çocuk işçilik ve çocuk yaşta zorla evlendirilme büyük bir trajedi olarak ülkenin gündeminde kalmaya devam ediyor. Bütün çocuklar sosyal güvenlik şemsiyesi altına alınarak, çocukların çocukluklarını yaşamadan emeklerinin sömürülmesine ve duygu dünyalarının örselenmesine son verilmeli.
-Örgün eğitim yerine açık öğretimi temel bir seçenek olarak sunmak, çocukları buna teşvik edecek yaklaşımlardan kaçınmak, çevresel tehdit ve tehlikelerden korumak için olabildiğince örgün öğretim içinde tutmak gerekiyor.
tbekir@gmail.com
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