Eğitimci Dr. Sakin Öner, Cumhuriyet için, “Afet, eğitimsiz yönetilemez” başlıklı bir yazı kaleme aldı. Öner yazısında; Kahramanmaraş’ta meydana gelen deprem sırasında yaşanan koordinasyon sorunlarına değinerek ilkokuldan başlayarak afetlerde eğitim sürecine ilişkin önerilerde bulundu. Dr. Sakin Öner’in görüş ve önerileri şöyle:
AFET YÖNETİMİ DERSİ YOK
“Artık geriye bakmaya gerek yok. Bizim şimdi bundan sonra olabilecek afetlere karşı hızla hazırlanmamız gerekiyor. Önce eğitim sistemimizin afet eğitimi ile ilgili ders, müfredat ve eğitim çalışmalarını gözden geçirelim.
İlkokul, ortaokul ve liselerin haftalık ders dağıtım çizelgelerini inceledim. Hiçbir sınıfta “afet yönetimi” ile ilgili bir ders yok. Şu anda bütün dünyanın üzerinde hassasiyetle durduğu küresel ısınma sonucunda oluşan iklim değişikliği ile ortaya çıkabilecek sorunlarla ilgili bir ders varmı diye baktım. Son yıllarda ortaokul 6., 7. ve 8. sınıfta “Çevre Eğitimi ve İklim Değişikliği” adıyla bir ders konmuş ama o da seçmeli olarak.
NEREDE GÖREV YAPIYORLAR
Bir de afet yönetimi ile ilgili yüksek öğretim programlarındaki durum nedir, ona bakalım. YÖK kayıtlarına göre 17 devlet üniversitesi ile iki vakıf üniversitesinin bünyesindeki Meslek Yüksekokullarında ve Sağlık Meslek Yüksekokullarında 2’şer yıl öğretim süreli “Acil Durum ve Afet Yönetimi” programları var.
Bu önlisans programlarının kontenjanları 30-60 kişi arasında 1 veya 2 sınıf. Bu konudaki lisans programlarını da incelediğimizde manzara şu: Türkiye’de 12 devlet üniversitesinin ve KKTC’deki iki üniversitenin Sağlık Bilimleri Fakültelerinde “Acil Yardım ve Afet Yönetimi” programları var.
Bu lisans programlarının kontenjanları 40-80 kişi arasında 1 veya 2 sınıf. Kontenjanlarının da ne kadar dolu olduğunu bilmiyorum. Ama bu bölümlerden mezun olanların henüz afet yönetimi konusunda aktif bir rol aldıklarını görmedik. Bu bölümlerin varlığından ben de araştırma yapınca haberdar oldum. Bu okul mezunlarının nerelerde görev yaptıklarını, ne yaptıklarını ve ne yetkilerinin bulunduğunu bilmiyorum.
EĞİTİM ANAOKULUNDA BAŞLAMALI
Madem Türkiye bir deprem ülkesi, o zaman çocuklarımıza anaokulundan itibaren depremle yaşamayı öğretmeliyiz. Bunun için öğretmenlere “İlk Yardım” ve “Okul Tabanlı Afet Eğitimi” vermeliyiz. Tüm öğretmenler, sınıf içi ve sınıf dışı farklı faaliyetlerle öğrencilerine deprem öncesi, anında ve sonrasında yapacakları doğru davranışları kazandırmada rehberlik etmelidirler. Öğretmenlerin gerçekleştirecekleri afet eğitimi ile ilgili uygulamalarda kılavuzluk edecek kitap, oyuncak, araç gereç gibi ders materyalleri geliştirilmelidir.
ZORUNLU DERS KAPSAMINA ALINMALI
Deprem yaşamış illerimizde “Deprem Anıt Müzesi” adıyla müzeler kurulup, depremin yaptığı tahribat, can ve mal kaybının unutulmaması sağlanmalıdır. Ayrıca ilçe ve il düzeyindeki yerleşim birimlerinde yerel yönetimlerce deprem simülasyon merkezleri oluşturulmalı, çocuklarımız buralarda uygulamalı olarak depreme hazırlanmalıdır. İlkokulun son iki sınıfında haftada bir saat “İlk Yardım ve Afet Eğitimi” dersi, Ortaokulun son iki sınıfında haftada iki saat “İklim Değişikliği ve Afet Eğitimi” dersi, zorunlu ders kapsamında okutulmalıdır.
TERCİHLERE EK PUAN ÖNERİSİ
Lise düzeyinde “Afet Yönetimi” alanında mesleki ve teknik eğitim liseleri açılmalıdır. Bu okulların mezunları, Meslek Yüksek Okullarının “Acil Durum ve Afet Yönetimi” programlarını ve Sağlık Bilimleri Fakültelerinin “Acil Yardım ve Afet Yönetimi” programlarını tercih ettiklerinde kendilerine ek puan verilmelidir. Bu önlisans ve lisans programlarında “Afet Önleme”, “Afet Riski Azaltma”, “Afet Yönetme” ve “Kriz Yönetimi” alanlarında eğitime önem verilmelidir. Bu yüksek öğretim kurumları mezunları; AFAD (Afet ve Acil Durum Yönetimi Başkanlığı)’da, binalarda deprem riskini belirleyen ekiplerde, okullardaki “Afet Eğitimi” derslerinde ve yaygın eğitim kurumlarında yetişkinlere yönelik “Afet Eğitimi” programlarında görevlendirilmelidirler.
- Bir önceki haber Prof. Dr. Selçuk Şirin: Okulları açın, hepsi zaten travma yaşıyor
- Bir sonraki haber İLKSAN’dan depremzede eğitimcilere yardımlara devam

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